茶叶历史--中英版

茶叶历史--中英版

原始社会茶叶被人类发现是在公元前28世纪的神农时代，神农《本草经》有“神农尝百草，日遇七十二毒，得荼而解之”之说。当为茶叶被记载之始。

PRIMITIVE COMMUNES Tea was discovered by human during the B.C. 28 century the Chinese Shennong Time. the Herbal Lection by Shennong quotes : I tasted many herbs and was poisoned. tea healed me. This was the first time that tea had recorded in history.

西周据《华阳国志》载：约公元前1000年周武王伐纣时，巴蜀一带已用所产的茶叶作为“纳贡”珍品，是茶作为贡品的最早记述。

XI ZHOU Quoted in Huayang Guo Zhi : around B.C. 1000 when King Zhouwu attacked Zhou. the Bashu people use tea as their precious tribute to the King , this was the first time tea as a royal tribute in history.

东周春秋时期，婴相齐景公时（公元前547年—公元前490年）“食脱粟之饭，灸三戈五卵，茗茶而已”（《晏子春秋》）。表明茶叶已作为菜肴汤料，供人食用。

DONG ZHOU At Chunqiu times ,the Ying Xiang Qi Jing Gong (B.C. 547—B.C.490) wrote in his book Yanzi Chunqiu : Use corn ,eggs and tea leaves to cook dinner . This shows that the tea leaves became a cooking seasoning at that time .

西汉公元前59年，已有“烹茶尽具”，“武阳买茶”的记载，这表明四川一带已有茶叶作为商品出现，是茶叶进行商贸的最早记载。

XI HAN B.C. 59 , the history recorded : there are tools for making tea :Buy tea at Wuyang . This shows that the tea trading was appeared at Sichuan area ,this was the first time that tea trading was recorded in history .

东汉东汉末年，三国时代的神医华佗《食论》中提出了“苦荼久食，益意思”，是茶叶药理功效的第一次记述。

DONG HAN At late Dong Han and San Gou time ,the master doctor wrote in his book Shi Lun : Drink bitter tea as habit maintains health . This was the first time that tea recorded has medical functions .

三国史书《三国志》述吴国君主孙皓有“密赐茶荼以代酒”，是“以茶代酒”最早的记载。

SAN GUO The history book San Guo Zhi wrote about the King of Wu country Sunhao to “propose a toast with tea instant of wine ”. This was the first time that this kind of Chinese habit was found .

隋茶的饮用逐渐开始普及，隋文帝患病，遇俗人告以烹茗草服之，果然见效，于是人们竞相采之，并逐渐由药用演变成社交饮料，当时主要供上层社会享用。

SUI The tea drinking became more common ,the Emperor Suiwen was sick and once he met a person who told him to drink herbal tea as medicine , he did and got well . Since then many people were urged to harvest tea leaves and tea became social drink for upper classes more than for medical function .

唐唐代是茶作为饮料扩大普及的时期，并从社会的上层走向全民。

唐太宗大历五年（公元770年）开始在顾渚山（今浙江长兴）建贡茶院，每年清明前兴师动众督制“顾渚紫笋”饼茶，进贡皇朝。

唐德宗建中元年（公元780年）纳赵赞议，开始征收茶税。公元8世纪后陆羽《茶经》问世。

唐顺宗永贞元年（公元805年）日本僧人最澄大师从中国带茶籽茶树回国。是茶叶传入日本最早的记载。

唐懿宗咸通15年（公元874年）出现专用的茶具。

TANG During Tang Destiny tea drinking became more common to all people rather than only for upper classes .Tang Tai Zong Da Li 5th Year (A.D.770) , a tea center was built at Guzhu Mountain (Changxing of Zhejiang Province now) ,every spring people harvest and makes “Guzhu Zi Sun” tea cakes and distribute them to the empire .

Tang De Zong Jian Zhong Yuan Year (A.D.780). the emperor took Zhao’s suggestion and started to collect tea tax .A.D. 8th century the book Tea Lection was wrote by Luyu.

Tang Shun Zong Yong Zhen Yuan Year (A.D.805) the Japanese monk Master Zuicheng brought Chinese tea tree seed to

Tang Yi Zong Xian Tong 15th Year (A.D. 874) the tools for drinking tea is invented .

宋宋太宗太平兴国年间（公元976年）开始在建安（今福建建瓯）设宫焙，专造北苑贡茶，从此龙团凤茶有了很大发展。

宋徽宗赵佶在大观元年间（公元1107年）亲著《大观茶开》一书，以帝王之尊，倡导茶学，弘扬茶文化。

SONG Song Tai Zong Tai Ping Xing Guo (A.D.976) a baking place is built at Jianan (Jianou at Fujian province now). it’ s for making Bei Yuan tribute tea ,since then the Long Feng Tuan Tea had good chance to develop .

During Da Guan Yuan Year (A.D. 1107) , the emperor Song Sui Zong Zhao Ji wrote a book named Da Guan Cha Kai to investigate and spread tea culture .

元元朝皇帝忽必烈诏令在武夷山兴建御茶园制作贡茶，御茶园制茶前后经历近300年，对于提高武夷茶的知名度起了很大的作用。

元朝对茶文化的最大贡献是将茶推广到四大汗国的领域，北达俄国、西抵波斯及地中海以东之地。

YUAN The Yuan ’ s emperor Hubilie asked to build a royal tea garden at Wuyi Mountain for making tribute teas . The royal tea garden kept making teas for 300 years and made the Wuyi tea famous .

The great contribution Yuan destiny made to the world is exporting tea to Russian ,Persiaand Mediterranean Sea .

明明太祖洪武六年（公元1373年），设茶司马，专门司茶贸易事。

明太祖朱元璋于洪武24年（公元1391年）9月发布诏令，废团茶，兴叶茶。从此贡茶由团饼茶改为芽茶（散叶茶），对炒青叶茶的发展起了积极作用。

1610年荷兰人自澳门贩茶，并转运入欧洲。1616年，中国茶叶运销丹麦。1618年，皇朝派钦差大臣入俄，并向俄皇馈赠茶叶。

MING Ming Tai Zu Hong Wu 6th Year (A.D. 1373), the Cha Si Ma was built for making tea tradings .

Hong Wu 24th Year (A.D. 1391) the Emperor Ming Tai Zu Zhuyuanzhang decided to abandon the tea cake and raise tea leaves , since then the tea leaves became the royal tribute instant of tea cakes .

1610 theNetherlandspeople exported Chinese tea from Aomen to Europe .1616 Chinese tea exported toDenmark. 1618 the Chinese empire sent its ministers to Russian and gave them Chinese tea as present .

清1657年中国茶叶在法国市场销售。

康熙8年（公元1669年）印, 属东印度公司开始直接从万丹运化华茶入英。

康熙28年（公元1689年）福建厦门出口茶叶150担，开中国内地茶叶直接销往英国市场之先河。

1690年中国茶叶获得美国波士顿出售特许执照。光绪31年（公元1905年）中国首次组织茶叶考察团赴印度、锡兰（今斯里兰卡）考察茶叶产制，并购得部分制茶机械，宣传茶叶机械制作技术和方法。

QING 1657 Chinese tea appeared at markets inFrance.

Kangxi 8th Year (A .D. 1689) Chinese tea was exported toBritainfrom Xiamen , Fujian .

1690 Boston inAmericastarted the registration of Chinese tea selling license . Guangxu 31st Year (A.D. ) the Chinese tea makers organization went to lndia ,and Xilan (Sri Lanke) to inspect their environment for tea making ; they brought tea making machines to there .

1896年福州市成立机械制茶公司，是中国最早的机械制茶叶。

1896 at Fuzhou City theChina’ s first mechanical tea making company was found .